In Alfresco 4.0 you can transfer files from the repository to a remote file system. You can use it for example to publish static content to a web server. In older Alfresco versions this was only possible for Web Projects that used Alfresco’s AVM (Advanced Versioning Manager) repository.

I had some difficulties setting up the target. This feature does not seem to be documented very well. Luckily Michael McCarthey of Tribloom documented the basic steps on his blog.

Alfresco supports replication jobs that allow you to schedule transfers of content and structure between a source and a target system. In order to use it you first configure a Transfer Target, being a remote Alfresco instance or a File System Transfer Receiver, and then you use these targets in your replication jobs.

In order to succesfully transfer files to a remote file system you need to change the type of the transfer folder to File Transfer Target and you have to make sure to set the end point to /alfresco-ftr/service/api/transfer. 

This Alfresco forum post might also be helpful. It explains the difference between the payload property in the replication job and the root folder property in the transfer target.